Belas artes e artes bélicas

a origem da geometria descritiva

Abstract

Descriptive Geometry is normally associated with architectural treatises of the Modern Times, which makes this discipline something that comes from the construction processes of that period. A survey of the main conceptual, social, cultural and political influences that involved the origin of the discipline of Descriptive Geometry revealed its great importance as a discipline in the French revolutionary period, under the direct influence of Enlightenment inspirations, but not only directed by the conceptions of Architecture. This article aims to present – based on the original conception of the authors of this article – the genesis of Descriptive Geometry from the fusion of two great arts as teaching objects: Architecture and Fortification. To achieve the proposed objective, textual and contextual analysis was considered in an extensive search approach for literature already published with the history of Descriptive Geometry, confronting and tensioning primary and secondary sources, considering the sociocultural context for a deeper understanding. The analysis allowed us to identify that the unilateral view of Architecture as the sole source of origin of Descriptive Geometry disregarded its broader aspect, which was the teaching and problem solving of Fortifications. Therefore, it is in the Fine Arts and the Military Arts that the two sources will merge in teaching as a way of determining a revolutionary discipline: Descriptive Geometry.